Integumentary and Skeletal Muscular System

Functions of Muscular Tissue

Through sustained contraction of alternating contraction and relaxation, muscular tissue has several functions which include: producing body movements, such as walking and running, or localized movements such as grasping a pencil; stabilizing body positions, which maintain body positions such as standing or sitting, or maintain your head upright;storing substances within the body, which is obtained by ring like bands of smooth muscle called sphincters, that prevent the outflow of the contents of a hollow organ; moving substances within the body, such as the cardiac muscle in the heart that pumps blood through the blood vessels of the body; and generating heat, which is used to maintain normal body temperature. Involuntary contractions of skeletal muscle, known as shivering, can increase the rate of heat production (Tortora & Derrickson, 2006).

Properties of Muscular Tissue

Muscular tissue has four properties that enable it to function and contribute to homeostasis, which are electrical excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity. Electrical excitability is a property of both muscle and nerve cells that allow them to respond to certain stimuli by producing electrical signals called action potentials. For muscle cells, two types of stimuli trigger actions potentials, one being the autorhythmic electrical signals arising in the muscular tissue itself, such as the heart’s pacemaker; and the other being chemical stimuli like the neurotransmitters released by neurons or like hormones that are distributed by the blood 

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